opportunity to obey in the present. Chapter 4 sharpens the focus on the present, while also anticipating choices to be made in the near and distant future. The preaching of chapters 6–11 returns to the imminent decisions facing Israel at Moab and within the land, continuing to draw on examples of the nation’s appalling record of past disobedience. So whatever one thinks about the literary history of these chapters, they display a careful and coherent development in their present form. This view has
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